Battery Maintenance - How to Test, Check & Maintain VRLA Batteries.

Battery Maintenance

Maintaining and testing your VRLA batteries is crucial for their optimal performance. Here are some simple steps to follow:

1. Always keep VRLA battery tops and terminals clean.

2. Apply a thin coat of petroleum jelly or a similar protectant to terminals and connections. This helps prevent corrosion and ensures a clean electrical connection.

3. Ensure that terminals are tightened appropriately, but avoid over tightening, as it can damage the terminals and connections.

4. Regularly check the electrolyte level in batteries and ensure it is maintained between 3mm (1/8") to 6mm (1/4") above the top of the plates. If topping up is necessary, only use distilled water or chemically pure water to avoid impurities that could damage the battery.

5. Inspect the alternator/generator belt regularly for signs of wear. Adjust the tension of the belt according to the manufacturer's recommendations. It is important to keep the belt tight to ensure proper operation without causing excessive strain.

Battery Testing

Before conducting any instrument-based tests on a battery, it is crucial to prioritise a comprehensive visual examination. This preliminary step holds significant value as it can offer vital insights into the battery's current state and guide the subsequent testing strategy. Initiate the visual examination process by meticulously inspecting the battery terminals for any indication of corrosion. Corroded terminals often manifest as a powdery white substance surrounding the post connections. The presence of such corrosion can impede the battery's ability to charge effectively. If any corrosion is detected, it should be promptly addressed and resolved before proceeding with further tests. Proceed by checking each individual cell of the battery to confirm the presence of an adequate amount of electrolyte. A dry cell is indicative of a cracked casing, which can lead to various performance issues with the battery. Identifying any cracked casings during the visual examination enables appropriate measures to be taken, such as repairing or replacing the battery as necessary.

In addition to the above, it is crucial to thoroughly inspect the battery for any loose terminals or external damage. Loose terminals can disrupt the battery's connections and subsequently diminish its overall functionality. External damage, such as dents or fractures, may also have an adverse impact on the battery's performance. Consequently, it is imperative to carefully observe and document these findings, either by recording them on paper or digitally. This practice ensures the maintenance of a comprehensive log detailing the battery's condition. By conducting a meticulous visual examination, potential issues with the battery can be identified early on, facilitating appropriate action. This step enables necessary tasks such as corrosion cleaning or the replacement of damaged batteries to be undertaken before proceeding with instrumental testing. Furthermore, meticulously documenting the observations serves as an invaluable resource for future reference and comparison.

Hydrometer Testing

Use a hydrometer to establish the specific gravity and state of charge of the sulphuric acid in the battery.

Method:
1. Do not add distilled water.
2. Keep the barrel upright. Draw up enough electrolytes from each cell, in turn, to allow the float to ride free.

In some instances means you may need to tilt the battery to obtain sufficient electrolyte. Then, read off the hydrometer at eye level.

1.270 to 1.280 S G Full Charge.
1.220 to 1.230 S G Half Charge.
1.150 to 1.220 S G Discharged.